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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdme</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье мегаполиса</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>City Healthcare</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2713-2617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ГБУ «НИИОЗММ ДЗМ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdme-12</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Меры государственной политики в сфере управления рисками для здоровья, связанными с питанием</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Policy Measures to Manage Nutrition-Related Health Risks</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2257-4470</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гречушкина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grechushkina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гречушкина Наталья Александровна – к. б. н., аналитик</p><p>115088,  Москва, Шарикоподшипниковская ул., д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia А. Grechushkina – PhD, Research analyst</p><p>9, Sharikopodshipnikovskaya str., 115088, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">GrechushkinaNA@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУ «Научно-исследовательский институт организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare&#13;
Department”<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гречушкина Н.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гречушкина Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grechushkina N.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.city-healthcare.com/jour/article/view/12">https://www.city-healthcare.com/jour/article/view/12</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Современный рацион питания, характеризующийся высоким потреблением ультрапереработанных пищевых продуктов, снижение физической активности ведут к ухудшению показателей здоровья и росту преждевременной смертности населения, увеличению расходов на здравоохранение. Это требует от правительств внедрения более эффективных моделей государственного регулирования в области питания, для чего необходимо производить оценку результативности того или иного инструмента управления, а также учитывать их совокупный эффект.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Обобщить и охарактеризовать существующие в мировой практике ключевые меры государственной политики, направленные на снижение рисков развития неинфекционных заболеваний, связанных с питанием.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В работе использовался контент-анализ научных и интернет-публикаций, посвященных проблемам питания и управлению пищевым поведением населения.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Общий набор политических инструментов для многих стран включает меры фискальной политики, стандартизацию качества и маркировку пищевой продукции, образование населения, материальное стимулирование к ответственному пищевому поведению, разработку национальных рекомендаций здорового питания и его пропаганду и др. В последнее время эти подходы стали опираться на данные эпидемиологического мониторинга и исследований, оценивающих результативность конкретного вида вмешательства. Не все из существующих мер имеют равную эффективность. Поэтому при выборе инструментов политики необходимо учитывать их потенциал, а также уровень влияния: индивидуальный, социокультурный, индустриальный, правительственный и т. д.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Рационализация питания является важнейшим элементом социальной политики государства и одним из факторов формирования здорового образа жизни. Это свидетельствует о необходимости комплексного научно обоснованного системного подхода к решению задач в области здорового питания. Реализация политики в этой сфере должна основываться на научных данных, с вовлечением в нее бизнеса и широкого круга общественности, по принципу межведомственного взаимодействия и с учетом многоуровневых факторов, влияющих на формирование индивидуальной и популяционной модели пищевого поведения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Modern diets characterized by high consumption of ultra-processed foods and reduced physical activity are leading to poor health outcomes and increased premature mortality, as well as higher health care costs. This requires that governments implement more effective models of public management in the field of nutrition which require evaluation of the impact of each management tool, as well as their cumulative effects.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To summarize and characterize the key public policies that exist worldwide to reduce the risks of diet-related non-communicable diseases.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A content analysis of scientific and internet publications on nutrition and dietary management was used. Discussion. A common set of policy tools for many countries includes fiscal policy measures, quality standardization and food labeling, public education, financial incentives for responsible food behavior, development of national recommendations for healthy eating and its promotion, etc. Recently, these approaches have begun to rely on epidemiological monitoring data and studies evaluating the effectiveness of a particular type of intervention. Not all of the existing interventions are equally effective. Therefore, when choosing policy instruments, it is necessary to consider their potential, as well as their level of impact: individual, socio-cultural, industrial, governmental, etc.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Rationalization of nutrition is the most important element of social policy of the state and one of the factors in the formation of a healthy lifestyle. This indicates the need for a comprehensive science-based systematic approach to solving problems in the field of healthy eating. The implementation of policy in this area should be based on scientific evidence, with the involvement of business and a wide range of the public, on the principle of interagency cooperation and taking into account multi-level factors that affect the formation of individual and population model of food behavior.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>общественное здоровье</kwd><kwd>управление рисками для здоровья</kwd><kwd>нерациональное питание</kwd><kwd>государственное регулирование в области здорового питания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>public health</kwd><kwd>health risk management</kwd><kwd>irrational nutrition</kwd><kwd>state regulation of healthy eating</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abarca-Gomez, L. 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