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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdme</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье мегаполиса</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>City Healthcare</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2713-2617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ГБУ «НИИОЗММ ДЗМ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2025.v.6i4-1;121-130</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdme-233</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Значимость предтестового консультирования в диагностике злокачественных новообразований молочной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Importance of Pre-test Counseling in Diagnosing Malignant Neoplasms of the Mammary Gland</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9638-2303</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранова</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranova</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баранова Елена Евгеньевна – канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры медицинской генетики.</p><p>123242, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1; 115191, Москва, 4-й Рощинский пр-д, д. 20, стр. 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena E. Baranova – Cand. Med. Sci., Associate Professor of the Department of Medical Genetics.</p><p>123242, Moscow, Barrikadnaya Ul., 2/1, bldg. 1; 115191, Moscow, 4th Roshchinsky Proyezd, 20, bldg. 5</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1782-2118</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полякова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полякова Вера Васильевна – врач-гастроэнтеролог, младший научный сотрудник отделения Центра персонализированной медицины.</p><p>111123, Москва, ш. Энтузиастов, д. 86, стр. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera V. Polyakova – Gastroenterologist, Junior Researcher at the Department of the Personalized Medicine Center.</p><p>111123, Moscow, Entuziastov Shosse, 86, bldg. 6</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">verapolykova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3119-7673</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бодунова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bodunova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бодунова Наталья Александровна – канд. мед. наук, руководитель Центра персонализированной медицины.</p><p>111123, Москва, ш. Энтузиастов, д. 86, стр. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia А. Bodunova – Cand. Med. Sci., Head of the Personalized Medicine Center.</p><p>111123, Moscow, Entuziastov Shosse, 86, bldg. 6</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7250-5597</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трипольская</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tripolskaya</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трипольская Марина Дмитриевна – медицинский психолог.</p><p>111123, Москва, ш. Энтузиастов, д. 86, стр. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina D. Tripolskaya – Medical Psychologist.</p><p>111123, Moscow, Entuziastov Shosse, 86, bldg. 6</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6570-225X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефремова</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efremova</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ефремова Екатерина Евгеньевна – клинический консультант.</p><p>123242, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina E. Efremova – Clinical Consultant.</p><p>123242, Moscow, Barrikadnaya Ul., 2/1, bldg. 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5146-6925</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Янова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yanova</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Янова Татьяна Ивановна – врач-гентик Центра персонализированной медицины ГБУЗ</p><p>111123, Москва, ш. Энтузиастов, д. 86, стр. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana I. Yanova – Geneticist.</p><p>111123, Moscow, Entuziastov Shosse, 86, bldg. 6</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7246-5144</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ижевская</surname><given-names>В. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Izhevskaya</surname><given-names>V. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ижевская Вера Леонидовна – д-р мед. наук.</p><p>115522, Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera L. Izhevskaya – Dr. Sci. in Medicine.</p><p>115522, Moscow, Moskvorechye Ul., 1</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Эвоген»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Evogen LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский клинический научный центр им. А.С. Логинова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский клинический научный центр им. А.С. Логинова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center111123, Moscow, Entuziastov Shosse, 86, bldg. 6</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медико-генетический научный центр им. академика Н.П. Бочкова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre for Medical Genetics named after Academician N.P. Bochkov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>121</fpage><lpage>130</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баранова Е.Е., Полякова В.В., Бодунова Н.А., Трипольская М.Д., Ефремова Е.Е., Янова Т.И., Ижевская В.Л., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баранова Е.Е., Полякова В.В., Бодунова Н.А., Трипольская М.Д., Ефремова Е.Е., Янова Т.И., Ижевская В.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baranova E.E., Polyakova V.V., Bodunova N.A., Tripolskaya M.D., Efremova E.E., Yanova T.I., Izhevskaya V.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.city-healthcare.com/jour/article/view/233">https://www.city-healthcare.com/jour/article/view/233</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Рак молочной железы (РМЖ) является одним из самых распространенных онкологических заболеваний среди женщин по всему миру. Наследственные формы составляют 5–10% всех случаев данного заболевания, что определяет важность генетического тестирования для идентификации лиц с высоким генетическим риском. Однако процесс генетического тестирования сопряжен с различными психологическими и этическими проблемами, включая психологическую нагрузку на пациентов, риск генетической дискриминации и необходимость информирования родственников о результатах тестирования.</p><p>Цель – оценить значимость предтестового консультирования в процессе генетического тестирования на наследственные формы РМЖ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Была разработана анкета, направленная на оценку уровня информированности пациентов о наследственном РМЖ; изучено влияние медико-генетического консультирования на процесс передачи информации родственникам. Исследование проводилось на базе центра персонализированной медицины МКНЦ им. А.С. Логинова.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что пациентки, прошедшие предтестовое консультирование, достоверно чаще информировали родственников о результатах генетического тестирования. В группе без предтестового консультирования преобладали страх получения негативной информации и тревога о конфиденциальности данных.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide. A hereditary component accounts for about 5–10% of all breast cancers, emphasizing the importance of genetic testing to detect high risk individuals. However, the process of genetic testing is associated with various psychological and ethical issues, including psychological burden on patients, the risk of genetic discrimination, and the need to inform relatives about the test results.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. To evaluate the significance of pre-test counseling in the process of genetic testing for hereditary forms of breast cancer.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A questionnaire was created to assess the level of patient awareness about hereditary breast cancer. The impact of medical genetic counseling on sharing information with relatives was also studied. The study was conducted at the Center for Personalized Medicine of the A.S. Loginov Moscow Scientific Center.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was found that patients who underwent pre-test counseling were significantly more likely to inform their relatives about the GT results. In the group without pre-test counseling, fear of receiving negative information and anxiety about data confidentiality predominated.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>наследственный опухолевый синдром</kwd><kwd>генетическая предрасположенность</kwd><kwd>медико-генетическое консультирование</kwd><kwd>носитель патогенного варианта</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>hereditary tumor syndrome</kwd><kwd>genetic predisposition</kwd><kwd>medical and genetic counselling</kwd><kwd>pathogenic variant carrier</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">исследование проводилось без спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the author received no financial support for the research</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO. 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