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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">zdme</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье мегаполиса</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>City Healthcare</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2713-2617</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ГБУ «НИИОЗММ ДЗМ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2020.v1i2;38-52</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">zdme-241</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCHES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Потери трудоспособного населения Москвы, обусловленные наркотиками: официальные уровни и реальные масштабы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Drug-related losses of the working-age population of Moscow: official levels and real scale</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2794-1009</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>Victoria G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семенова Виктория Георгиевна, доктор экономических наук, аналитик отдела демографии</p><p>115088, Российская Федерация, Москва, ул. Шарикоподшипниковская, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victoria G. Semenova – Dr. Sci. (Economics), analyst of demography department</p><p>9, Sharikopodshipnikovskaya str., 115088, Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0258-3479</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>Alla E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванова Алла Ефимовна, доктор экономических наук, профессор, зав. отделом демографии</p><p>115088, Российская Федерация, Москва, ул. Шарикоподшипниковская, д. 9.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla E. Ivanova – D. Sci. (Economics), chief demography department</p><p>9, Sharikopodshipnikovskaya str., 115088, Moscow, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">IvanovaAE@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт организации здравоохранения и медицинского менеджмента Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Семенова В.Г., Иванова А.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Семенова В.Г., Иванова А.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Semenova V.G., Ivanova A.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.city-healthcare.com/jour/article/view/241">https://www.city-healthcare.com/jour/article/view/241</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Наркотики и обусловленные ими потери здоровья являются глобальной проблемой. При этом в группу риска попадают жители мегаполисов, преимущественно трудоспособных возрастов. Целью исследования является оценка масштабов потерь трудоспособного населения Москвы, обусловленных употреблением наркотиков. Материалы и методы. Использованы данные Росстата об умерших (форма С51 «Распределение умерших по полу, возрасту и причинам смерти») и численности населения (форма 4ph «Среднегодовая численность населения по полу и возрасту»). Рассчитаны стандартизованные показатели смертности по причинам смерти в выделенных возрастных группах. Использован прямой метод стандартизации, европейский стандарт возрастной структуры. Для характеристики социального статуса умерших использованы данные РФС-ЕМИАС г. Москвы (период анализа данных июль-декабрь 2018 – январь-июнь 2019). Результаты. В статье проанализирована динамика смертности трудоспособного населения Москвы от основных причин наркотической этиологии (случайные отравления наркотиками и отравления наркотиками с неуточненными намерениями, психические расстройства, обусловленные употреблением наркотиков) на фоне России, в 2010-е годы. Показано, что динамика смертности от этих причин характеризовалась резкой сменой трендов в течение 2015−2016 гг. Отмечен резкий рост смертности в столице в этот же период от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, обусловленный неуточненной кардиомиопатией. Указано на синхронность этих сдвигов с динамикой смертности от симптомов, признаков и неточно обозначенных состояний. Обсуждение. Высказана гипотеза, что, с высокой степенью вероятности, аномальный рост кардиологической смертности от неуточненной кардиомиопатии является статистическим артефактом – следствием перевода смертей наркотического генеза в латентную форму. Выводы. Маскирование потерь от наркомании в неточно обозначенных состояниях и кардиомиопатии неуточненной приводит к тому, что смертность от наркотических отравлений в Москве не оценивается как серьезная проблема.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Drugs and the resulting health loss are a global problem. At the same time, residents of megalopolises, mainly of working age, fall into the risk group. The purpose is to assess the scale of losses of the working-age population of Moscow due to drug use. Materials and methods. The data of Rosstat on mortality of the population were used. We have calculated standardized mortality rates by causes of death in the selected age groups. We used a direct method of standardization, the European standard for age structure. To characterize the social status of the deceased, we used the data of the RFS-EMIAS of Moscow (the period of data analysis is July-December 2018 − January-June 2019). Results. We analyzed the dynamics of mortality among the working-age population of Moscow from the main causes of drug etiology (accidental drug poisoning and drug poisoning with unspecified intentions, mental disorders caused by drug use) against the background of Russia in the 2010s. It is shown that the dynamics of mortality from these causes was characterized by a sharp change in trends during 2015−2016. There was a sharp increase in mortality in the capital during the same period from cardiovascular diseases, due to unspecified cardiomyopathy. We pointed out that these shifts are synchronous with the dynamics of mortality from symptoms, signs, and ill-defined conditions. Discussion. It is hypothesized that, with a high degree of probability, the abnormal increase in mortality from unspecified cardiomyopathy is a statistical artifact – a consequence of the transfer of drug-related deaths to a latent form. Conclusions. Masking losses from drug addiction in ill-defined conditions and unspecified cardiomyopathy leads to the fact that mortality from drug poisoning in Moscow is not assessed as a serious problem.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>смертность трудоспособного населения Москвы</kwd><kwd>случайные отравления наркотиками и отравления наркотиками с неуточненными намерениями</kwd><kwd>психические расстройства</kwd><kwd>обусловленные употреблением наркотиков</kwd><kwd>кардиомиопатия неуточненная</kwd><kwd>симптомы</kwd><kwd>признаки и неточно обозначенные состояния</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Drug Report. UNODC.2020. https://www.unodc.org/unodc/press/releases/2020/June/mediaadvisory---global-launch-of-the-2020-world-drugreport.htm</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Drug Report. 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