Diagnostic Test Systems for Assessing the Risk of Chronic and Infectious Diseases: Basic Principles, Approaches, Advantages and Limitations for Common Use

The review covers modern diagnostic methods: Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing (NGS), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and its modifications in real time (RT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and diagnostic test systems (DTS) developed on their basis. Using common chronic and infectious diseases as an example, the fundamental principles and modern versions of these methods are discussed, indicating their advantages and limitations for clinical use. The current problems and factors hindering the widespread introduction of these diagnostic methods into healthcare practice in Russia, as well as directions of their development in the near future, are analyzed.

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