Introduction. Obesity is a risk factor for a number of non-communicable diseases that cause premature mortality in the population, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and some cancers. Obesity is associated with a wide range of concomitant diseases and pathological conditions, psychological problems, and a decrease in the quality of life and work capacity. High-calorie, high-fat, predominantly animal-based diets, high salt and sugar content, and inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables are associated with an increased risk of obesity. While healthy nutrition plays an important role in preventing the development of non-communicable diseases, including obesity, in increasing the duration and quality of life of the population. Objectives. To analyze the relationship between obesity incidence rates and the dynamics of consumption of the main food groups in households of the Russian Federation and the city of Moscow. Materials and methods. Analysis of data from statistical studies by Rosstat on the consumption of basic food products for the period 2016–2020 and information on the number of obesity diseases (E66) according to the FSN form No. 12 "Information on the number of diseases registered by patients living in the service area of a medical organization" according to data from medical organizations in Moscow and the Russian Federation for the same period. Results. In the Russian Federation, from 2016 to 2020, there is an insufficient consumption of vegetables and melons, an insufficient consumption of fruits and berries, although there is an increase in consumption from 72.7 to 77.1 kg per year. Sugar and confectionery consumption is excessive, with a slight downward trend from 32 to 31.1 kg. In the city of Moscow, there is also an insufficient consumption of vegetables and melons. Consumption of fruits and berries is insufficient, but with a pronounced tendency to increase from 71 to 88.2 kg per year. The consumption of sugar and confectionery products is excessive, with a tendency to increase in consumption from 23.4 to 26.1 kg. According to the dynamics of the number of obesity diseases in the Russian Federation, the number of registered patients over the age of 14 years from 2016 to 2019 increased from 2,122,302 to 2,581,717 people, in 2020 there is a decrease to 2,207,386. The corresponding data for Moscow are 71,250 people in 2016 and increase to 88,634 in 2019, but in 2020 there is a decrease in the number of obese patients to 86,519 people. Conclusion. The insufficient consumption of fruits and vegetables, excessive consumption of sugar and confectionery products both in the Russian Federation and in the city of Moscow act as a risk factors for obesity.

Introduction. In the structure of morbidity in the adult population of the city of Moscow, diseases of the circulatory system continue to be in the top three, being the most frequent cause of death. For a number of years on the territory of the city of Moscow, programs have been implemented aimed at reducing the level of morbidity and mortality in the adult population, at the same time, diseases of the circulatory system continue to remain the most important medical and social problem. Objective. The assessment of the dynamics of the general and primary morbidity of the adult population of the administrative districts of the city of Moscow by the class of diseases of the circulatory system. Materials and methods. In the course of the analysis, data from the collections of the Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department and statistical collections of the Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of the Ministry of Health of Russia “Morbidity of the adult population of the Russian Federation” for 2013–2020. An analytical method was used, the calculation of indicators of the time series (growth rates). Results. The indicator of the general morbidity of the adult population of the city of Moscow for the study period 2013–2020 against the background of the growth of indicators in general for the RF and the Central Federal District, decreased by 14%, primary morbidity by 21 %. The greatest decrease in the overall morbidity rate was noted in the Central Administrative District and the Zelenograd Administrative District (-33.5% and -30.5%). The decrease in primary morbidity in the Central Administrative District was 64%, in the Zelenograd Administrative District (-40.7%), in the Northern Administrative District (-28.7%), across the Russian Federation and the Central Federal District, the level remained practically unchanged (+2.3% and -2.2%, respectively).

Introduction. The provision of emergency medical care and aeromedical evacuation by means of a medical helicopter has been successfully used in the work of the CEMP since 1995. Papers analyzing the efficiency of helicopter emergency medical services vs ground medical transport give mixed results. The safety of medical aviation has been proven, taking into account the low lethality during the flight. At the same time, there are practically no data on the use of a helicopter emergency medical service in a metropolis. Objective. To study the efficiency of helicopter evacuation in a metropolis based on the treatmetn results for patients with the most significant urgent pathology. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were two groups of patients with acute coronary syndrome, acute cerebrovascular accident, traumatic brain injury, bleeding of various origins. The patients of the first group were hospitalized to a medical institution by helicopter, the patients of the comparison group were hospitalized by land transport through the ambulance channel. Results. There is a lower daily and total mortality in the hospital, a lower percentage of disability in 6 months after hospitalization in the first group of patients. Based on the results obtained, it is advisable to use aeromedical evacuation for patients in serious and extremely serious condition (9 or more points on the SOFA scale) and when the patient is more than 30 km from the specialized hospital.

Quality assurance in county clinics plays a key role in the successful realization of the Federal project named "Battle with cancer" across the country. Comparisons between healthcare organizations demonstrate that certain hospitals perform superiorly while characterized by one quality measure, but inferiorly by another. There is a need for the introduction of integrated cancer care quality criteria in real practice. In recent years, the composite quality criteria called “textbook outcomes” were developed to better reflect the entity of cancer care. This paper provides clear examples of composite criteria for assessing the quality of esophageal and colon cancer surgery. Summarizing quality indicators are
easily applicable tools to clinical practice. These parameters when developed properly could, particularly in considered examples, be associated with the long-term survival among cancer patients. The use of “textbook outcome” will probably help to reduce unreasonable differences in the quality of medical care provided by different organizations by choosing targeted measures to improve the skills of medical personnel as well as financial aid and/or human resources.

Introduction. Environmental pollution remains a significant problem worldwide, is the cause of increased mortality and, in turn, a factor in reducing life expectancy. The influence of the environment and pollution of the atmospheric basin by aeropollutants, causes mainly the development of diseases not only of the respiratory system, but also of the cardiovascular, digestive, and endocrine systems. Objectives. To study the epidemiological situation and the prognostic
significance of risk factors in the development of cardiovascular diseases and their complications in persons living in different ecological-biogeochemical zones. Materials and methods. A study on the relationship of risk factors to health indicators, classified as health and environmental monitoring, was conducted with the participation of 263 men and 35 women aged 18-65 working in industrial (chemical) production. According to catamnesis, 367 cases of men and women
aged 39-57 were analysed. Results. The conducted studies show the effect of aeropollutants on the progression of the atherosclerotic process with coronary heart disease.

Introduction. The World Health Assembly in resolution WHA69.1 defined the essential public health operations (EPHO) as the most cost-effective, comprehensive and sustainable ways of improving population health and reducing the burden of disease. In recent years Russia has been actively working to introduce a system for motivating people to lead healthy lifestyles into the medical prevention system. A special place is given to the regions. Moscow as an independent region of the Russian Federation has a great potential in this field. However, for the effectiveness of health system planning and public health promotion measures at the national, regional and municipal levels, more clarity is needed on the issue of EPHOs. Objectives. To study the main characteristics of EPHO list and results of its application in the countries of the world as a tool of public health system construction on the level of a city. Materials and methods. A content analysis of
World Health Organization documents, scientific publications of foreign and domestic authors, country reports on the development of EPHOs lists and evaluation of POPs implementation was performed. Results. The list of EPHOs varies from country to country because of different national priorities, demographics, financial resources, etc. The European Region's list of ten EPHOs describes elements inside and outside the public health system. The list of EPHOs is used as a tool for analyzing public health systems or organizations at the national and local level. Discussion. More conceptual clarity is needed for public health systems planning and public health advocacy, as well as adaptation of the EPHO assessment tool to the context of Moscow. Conclusion. The structure of the EPHOs list included in the instrument of WHO Regional Office for Europe can reflect the public health landscape in Moscow and be used as a tool for investigation of public health systems or organizations at the city level and can contribute to the elaboration of the unified city public health policy and establishment of integrated public health services.

Introduction. Management of public health requires a preliminary assessment of its current state and trends. The system of sustainable development goals offers a universal tool for evaluation of the progress in public health as a set of indicators, which characterize the fulfillment of specific objectives of the third goal (SDG 3). Using of this tool is particularly relevant for assessing the situation in 2020 that can be marked as the “era” of COVID-19. Objective. To assess the status and trends of public health in Moscow according to a number of key indicators of SDG 3 to characterize changes that occurred in 2020 during COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. The main method was the analysis of data taken from open sources of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation. Results. The key indicators, used as the criteria for assessing the achievement of SDG 3, at Moscow level have been analyzed. In 2020 compared with 2019, the following positive trends are noted: mortality of newborns and young children, acute viral hepatitis B morbidity, mortality from malignant neoplasms, suicides and road traffic injuries decreased. The negative dynamics are associated with a slight increase in mortality from circulatory and respiratory diseases. Conclusion. The COVID-19 pandemic has taken its toll on Moscow's public health. However, positive trends in many of the SDG 3 indicators demonstrate the city's strong position and potential to achieve “good health and well-being”.

Introduction. Currently, increased attention of public policy is paid to non-communicable diseases, which are the leading causes in the structure of mortality, disability and morbidity of the population. In this connection, many government programs are currently being implemented to prevent non-communicable diseases and correct risk factors. Finland's experience in the implementation of the North Karelia project has shown the effectiveness of the prevention of noncommunicable diseases through interagency cooperation. As a result, one of the priority areas of work of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation has become the formation of a unified system of strengthening public health. In 2020, the Moscow Department of Health approved the Regional Program for Strengthening the Public Health of the Moscow Population, on the basis of which district programs began to be developed. Purpose. Analysis of the prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases among the adult population of the Northern, North-Eastern and Southern administrative districts for 2017–2019. Materials and methods. The materials used were programs to strengthen the public health of the population of the Northern Administrative District, Northern Eastern Administrative District and the Southern Administrative District of Moscow. Results. The largest number of pathological abnormalities in the course of a preventive medical examination and clinical examination is revealed during a survey (questionnaire) and examination by a general practitioner, i. e. at the beginning and at the end of the first stage of clinical examination. According to the results of preventive medical examinations and clinical examination, the greatest contribution (more than 50 %) is made by such risk factors as inappropriate nutrition, low physical activity and overweight, the smallest proportion was
hyperglycemia (from 1.2 % to 2.9 %). A high percentage of identified risk factors for non-communicable diseases is noted in the age group 39–60 years old (mainly among women), about 40 % – in the elderly population (over 60 years old).

Introduction. Public health measures are implemented in accordance with the essential public health operations (EPHO). The EPHO tool can be used not only as a guide for assessing the potential of public health, but also to identify actions needed to strengthen and improve public health. As part of the self-assessment of the performance of operational functions of public health in Moscow, strategic documents in the interests of health and well-being implemented in Moscow (EPHO 6) were studied and a review of state programs implemented by executive authorities was conducted. Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of legal sources, regulatory legal acts, projects implemented by the executive authorities of Moscow, which are co-executors of the Regional Program for Strengthening Public Health. Results. State programs implemented by co-executors are an important tool that allows to combine the resources of stakeholders in addressing health promotion issues. It is possible to use the development and implementation of state programs as a search for new methods of solving tasks in the field of health promotion; coordination of goals, development of mechanisms of interdepartmental interaction for the formation of a public health system in Moscow.