Background. The public response to the coronavirus pandemic, including their uptake of protective measures, was critical for containing the virus, and this required effective interventions, policy decisions, and public communication that took into account the perspectives of the population. The main goal of the study was to explore public perceptions, behaviors, and well-being of the population of Moscow, Russian Federation, to inform the pandemic response.

Methods. A survey tool originally developed by the WHO Regional Office for Europe with support from the University of Erfurt, Germany, was adapted to the Moscow (Russian Federation) context. Computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI) were conducted using a stratified, two-core sample of landline and mobile phones. Three waves of data collection took place from mid-May 2020 to mid-June 2020: 1) May 13–18, 2020, n = 1019 people; 2) May 26, 2020 – June 1, n = 1000 people; 3) June 16–24, 2020, n = 993 people.

Findings. The study identified the awareness of Moscow residents about the coronavirus, their perceptions, understanding of the pandemic situation and behavioral responses to measures taken by the authorities to reduce the spread of COVID-19.

Interpretation. Monitoring of public perceptions, behaviors, and well-being allowed a people-centered approach, which took into account population perspectives alongside epidemiological data and economic, cultural, ethical, and structural-political considerations, to become the basis for an effective coronavirus response.

Background. The authors conducted a sociological study where the respondents were primary care physicians and non-healthcare workers from different fields. The survey demonstrated the respondents’ attitudes towards healthy lifestyles and their self-preservation behaviors, while all of this characterized the attitudes towards healthy lifestyles by groups (healthcare and non-healthcare workers). The survey questions covered the most common lifestyle-related risk factors for noncommunicable diseases. The value-based attitudes of healthcare and non-healthcare workers towards a healthy lifestyle was ranked according to the questionnaire scales. Then, the dimensions of self-preservation behaviors were prioritized based on the degree of their importance in building the value-based attitudes towards a healthy lifestyle in both groups.

Objective. To carry out a comparative analysis of the priority of dimensions for building a value-based attitude towards a healthy lifestyle in healthcare and non-healthcare workers.

Materials and methods. The sociological study involved 400 doctors of various specialties from Moscow and the Moscow Oblast and 400 workers of other fields. The Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II questionnaire was used. The methods of sociological survey with questionnaire and the methods of statistical and analytical data processing were applied.

Results. The authors defined the priority of dimensions for building a value-based attitude towards a healthy lifestyle in healthcare and non-healthcare workers.

Background. Physical health and mental well-being of university students are among the quality indicators of academic and professional life.

Purpose. To evaluate the physical and mental health of university students as the quality indicators of academic and professional life.

Methods and materials. 582 interested adult students of Moscow universities voluntarily took part in the study. The authors evaluated their self-reports of physical and mental health as the quality indicators of academic and professional life using the J.E. Ware’s 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Chaddock scale.

Results. The evaluation of physical and mental health of students revealed the following: a high-moderate level of Role-Physical Functioning, Vitality, Physical Health total score, General Health, and Mental Health; a moderate level of Role-Mental Functioning, Health-Related Quality of Life, Mental Health total score, Social Functioning, and Physical Functioning; a low-moderate level of Bodily Pain under the symptoms of COVID-19 or a psychosomatic disorder. The study demonstrated a high correlation of Role-Physical Functioning with General Health, Vitality, Mental Health, and Mental Health total score; a high correlation of General Health with Vitality and Mental Health.

Introduction. Road traffic accidents caused by driving under the influence of alcohol, drugs, or other intoxicating substances lead to serious demographic and socio-economic losses. Therefore, it is necessary to improve measures aimed at preventing such cases of traffic offense.

The aim of the study was to identify the characteristics of the socio-psychological profile of drivers deprived of their driving licenses as a result of driving while intoxicated.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted on a sample of 427 people aged 20 to 72. The data were recorded using the digital system for psychophysiological testing, “NS-Psychotest,” developed by Neurosoft LLC. Statistical data were calculated using IBM SPSS 23 software. Descriptive statistics, T-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s Chi-square test, and K-means cluster analysis were used.

Results. Statistically significant differences were found in memory capacity and character accentuations between men and women (p £ 0.01), as well as in the severity of neurotic symptoms, stress and distress levels, cognitive functions and character accentuations between different age groups (p £ 0.05). Cluster sampling identified three profiles: a) respondents with neurotic symptoms and high stress levels; b) respondents with slowed reaction time and cognitive impairment; c) respondents with a relatively high level of psychotic and paranoid symptoms.

Conclusion. Socio-psychological profiles of drivers deprived of their driving licenses for driving under the influence of substances were described. The obtained results will be useful in the elaboration of a differentiated approach to secondary prevention of impaired driving.

Introduction. The prevalence of injuries seems to be a modern challenge. For many decades, injuries have been the main cause of unnatural death and disability among the working population. These trends are especially pronounced in big cities. Nowadays, injuries are characterized by multiple and combined natureы, as well as high severity.

Purpose. To analyze the features of abdominal injuries, to identify the correlation between the time of medical evacuation from the accident scene to a specialized hospital department and the outcomes in order to improve the treatment results.

Methods and materials. Upon the data obtained from Moscow Emergency Medical Care Station, a selective retrospective analysis of 5,692 cases of abdominal injuries in Moscow for the period from January 1, 2020, to January 1, 2023 was carried out. To process and display the results, a statistical analysis using graphical methods (bar charts, histograms, range charts), the Kruskal-Wallis rank test and chi-square test was performed.

Results. Among the total number of victims with severe injuries, abdominal trauma occurs in 20% of cases. The overall mortality rate of victims with abdominal injuries with isolated injury ranges 8–10%, reaching 60% in combined injury cases. The structure of the organization and the strategy for providing medical care to trauma victims in Moscow are aimed at implementing measures for timely hospitalization of patients and reducing mortality rates.

Introduction. Studying medical-demographic and socio-economic indicators of various regions is relevant for creating and implementing a well-balanced functional model of private healthcare organizations.

The purpose of the study was to conduct an econometric analysis of time series reflecting the dynamics of the main medical, demographic, and socio-economic indicators in the Tymen Region, with a focus on the potential growth of paid medical services sector.

Materials and methods. Data from the territorial body of the Federal State Statistics Service, annual industry collections, and territorial executive body of public health were analyzed. The analysis of time series was carried out according to econometric principles using the Dolado and FB_DES procedures of the Perron method.

Results and conclusion. Between 2017 and 2023, Tyumen Region experienced consistent social and economic growth, positively impacting main demographic processes. The population increase, along with a relatively stable solvency among the economically active population, contributed to a growth of consumption, including health care services. The share of paid medical services in the total volume of services ranged from 8.0% to 9.8%. Despite changes in the structure and level of participation in the territorial program of state guarantees of medical care, the number of private medical organizations shows a positive linear trend.

Introduction. Since 2019, the export of Russian medical services has been realized in accordance with the “Development of the export of medical services” regional project that is being implemented in 70 subjects of the Russian Federation. This initiative has drawn significant interest from the scientific community, particularly regarding the strategies developed by various regions to promote inbound medical tourism and export of medical services. While much of the focus has been on the export potential and programs aimed at attracting foreign patients, there is a scarcity of studies of nosologies, or medical specialties, which are the basis of the strategy for regional export of medical services.

The goals of the study were to analyze the export of medical services in the Tyumen Region in the context of export-oriented medical specialties in demand  from  foreign  citizens,  to  determine  the  strategic  significance of certain medical specialties within the export  system,  as  well  as  to  identify  the  strategic  development of their export potential upon graphical data. As statistical report on the export of medical services for this year is unified, this study aims at setting the standard for nosological analysis for regional management teams involved in project implementation.

Results and conclusion. The study was based on the data on the export of medical services in the Tyumen region for 2023. The work discusses revenue by sources of financing, including the types of medical care (inpatient, outpatient, and day hospital). Average costs of medical care and medical specialties being of particular interest for the development of regional export programs not only in terms of profitability but also with focus on the burden on the healthcare system, were identified. The possible strategies for developing the potential of certain medical specialties were determined by the method of graphical analysis.

In modern society, the issue of excess weight is becoming increasingly important. The growing number of people suffering from obesity is a growing concern among specialists as well as among the general population. Therefore, closer attention is paid to various approaches and measures aimed at increasing the level of physical activity, thereby preventing overweight and obesity. It can be assumed that urban infrastructure and transportation play a significant role in this process, and since environmental factors are largely modifiable, they seem to be promising means for solving the problem.

This study aimed to analyze scientific data related to urban space planning on obesity incidence and to identify key recommendations for environmental planning that promotes obesity management.

An analysis of international practices showed that effective urban design —such as transitioning from sprawling cities to more compact communities—can enhance physical activity levels and reduce air and noise pollution, potentially leading to lover obesity rates among city residents. Such methods of urban infrastructure management as sustainable transportation (shifting from car to public and active transport), improvement of walking areas, creation of green spaces and water spaces, traffic safety and availability of healthy food could encourage healthier lifestyle and significantly reduce obesity prevalence. An important aspect of this planning is the involvement of specialists of various profiles, as well as participation of citizens in the project development phase.

Introduction. The article discusses the influence of physical culture and sports on human health and quality of life. The author considers key aspects of physical activity. The work emphasizes that health is a fundamental factor determining the quality of life, including both objective indicators (physical health, working conditions, income level) and subjective aspects (life satisfaction, emotional well-being).

The purpose of the work was to analyze the impact of physical culture and sports on health and quality of life, as well as to identify key factors that improve physical, mental, and social well-being through regular physical activity.

Materials and methods. Methodologically, the work is a brief review of related literature based on a content analysis of scientific publications discussing the impact of physical culture and sports on health and quality of life.

Results. The article pays special attention to the role of physical activity in disease prevention, strengthening of the cardiovascular system, normalization of metabolic processes, and improvement of mental and emotional health. The social significance of sport in strengthening social ties, developing communication skills, and increasing social integration is discussed. In addition, social determinants of health are analyzed, including income, education, working conditions, and social support, as well as their impact on public health. The author emphasizes the need to develop infrastructure and national programs aimed at promoting physical activity and a healthy lifestyle.

The article concludes that there is a high importance in elaborating an integrated approach to the development of physical culture and sports as tools for improving health and quality of life, as well as in providing recommendations for their implementation in state programs.

 Background. Telerehabilitation is a branch of telemedicine providing a new method of rehabilitation service delivery using information and communication technologies by connecting patients and doctors and minimizing distance, time, and cost barriers. At the same time, the patient’s needs and resources have an impact on telerehabilitation assessments and interventions through various software and mobile applications.

Purpose. To identify the main areas for development of telerehabilitation based on the review of Russian and international literature.

Materials and methods. The authors applied the general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, classification, and clusterization, along with the content analysis of peer-reviewed scientific articles on the delivery of rehabilitation services and the use of telemedicine technologies.

Results. Telecommunication technologies are the means to deliver rehabilitation programs to patients, control program implementation, as well as monitor basic physiological parameters. If the technologies and methods of telerehabilitation are developed using a personalized approach and then properly applied, they enable to improve long-term health outcomes, which represents a global challenge in healthcare and sociology.

Background. The pandemic has accelerated the implementation of telemedicine and provided with important insights into the feasibility of remote medical care, including for children in terms of child development and learning, as well as the creation and adoption of clinical technologies for diagnosis, therapy, and care in a family setting. In addition, the real-life needs are still to be addressed within the implementation of telemedicine. In this regard, it is crucial to study the fundamentals and basic mechanisms for introducing telemedicine in pediatric care.

Purpose. To identify the insights into the use of telemedicine in pediatrics from the standpoint of a modern model of pediatric care.

Materials and methods. The author reviewed the modern scientific knowledge about the application of telemedicine in pediatric care via the content analysis of relevant publications.

Results. Telemedicine has proven to be a potential strategy for improving access to care for different population groups, especially for children in need of a specialized treatment.

Introduction. The primary health care system is facing the challenge of polymorbidity in aging population and a shortage of general practitioners. In many countries, advanced practice nurses can be a potential solution, since such specialists have the appropriate professional competencies and additional education which allows them to work autonomously and partly perform doctor’s role. At the same time, the organization of high-quality, patient-oriented and affordable medical care at the primary health care level is possible mainly through the work of multidisciplinary teams, which include not only doctors, but also qualified nurses.

The purpose was to study the role of a nurse in a multidisciplinary team that provides primary medical care.

Materials and methods. In this review, reporting method for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) was used. The search was carried out in eLibrary, PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar bibliographic databases by keywords “primary health care”, “nurse”, “the role of a nurse”, and “multidisciplinary teams”. In addition, an analysis of Russian and foreign regulatory and methodological documents on official Internet portals with elements of information structuring was carried out.

Results and discussion. All over the world, researchers emphasize the important role of nurses in the transition to new models of care and treatment aimed at improving the quality of medical services. For example, an extended access model was developed to improve the timely provision of medical services tailored to the needs and preferences of patients. Within the framework of the extended access model, nurses jointly work with family doctors and other specialists and manage patients with chronic diseases, thus reducing the number of visits to the doctor.

Conclusion. There is a steady global trend towards teamwork in primary care medical organizations. Teamwork enables the provision of high-quality medical services, including those provided by enhanced practice nurses. The transformation of nursing practice in primary health care is considered a promising strategy to improve the quality and effectiveness of primary health care and address the unmet health needs of individuals, families and communities.

The article covers the performance characteristics of in vitro diagnostics (IVD) medical devices, the systematic approaches to specify the performance characteristics of IVD medical devices, the review of regulations with specified performance characteristics, and the methods of validation and conformity assessment of performance characteristics.

It is important to adhere to ethical standards of medical care at any stage or level of societal development. Since healthcare systems have widely integrated digital technologies and the principle of value-based healthcare has been firmly embedded in the practice of healthcare organizations, the ethical challenges have become highly relevant.

Paradoxically, the defects related to violations of medical ethics and deontology by healthcare professionals are not listed in the current order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation regulating the quality control of medical care for compulsory medical insurance. As a result, there are no mechanisms for applying financial sanctions to healthcare organizations. Also, some issues, such as violation recoding and a possible subjective patient’s assessment of doctors’ actions, are still to be addressed.

The author considered the doctor-patient relationship and the mechanism for recording violations of ethics and deontology defined by the order of Moscow Healthcare Department.

Background. In a competitive environment, budgetary healthcare institutions have less management tools and technologies than private organizations. Budgetary institutions are  able  to  compete  in  providing  advanced medical care, but not in attracting and retaining highly qualified workers.

In addition, budgetary institutions have access to growing financial resources and untapped instruments, especially management technologies applied in commercial organizations. Some principles and methods of corporate governance can be implemented in the management processes of budgetary institutions in order to increase their competitiveness and performance.

Purpose. To analyze the current planning of financial and operating activities at a budgetary institution and to make recommendations for expanding the managerial and commercial components in the planning of activities.

Materials and methods. The comparative analysis was carried out to contrast budgetary healthcare institutions with private medical organizations in planning and management technologies used in commercial organizations and other industries. This method enabled to identify general trends and features in the management of healthcare organizations. Also, Russian full-text sources and regulatory documents on the research topic were studied using content analysis method.

Conclusion. In a competitive environment and under an insufficient budget financing, it is necessary to expand the tools for planning financial and operating activities in non-profit medical institutions and the authorities of budgetary institutions’ heads.

Introduction. Older workers are more likely to face health problems. This issue is becoming more important in the context of the trend towards prolonged working life. Given the significant amount of time spent in the workplace, the better health of older workers is crucial for their continued employment.

The purpose was to conduct a literature review of studies discussing the problem of health preservation of older workers in the workplace as a factor ensuring prolonged working life and job longevity.

Materials and methods. In our study, the methods of content analysis of scientific literature on the health of older workers, corporate programs promoting health-saving practices, and the creation of healthy workplaces were used. In addition, a secondary analysis of data obtained from a study conducted by the Age-Friendly non-profit organization in 2022 in the USA was presented.

Results. The physical health of older workers significantly differs from younger staff. This issue requires a search for special approaches to labor protection and health-saving conditions in the workplace. Recent studies on workforce aging have shown that older workers are characterized by objective age-related physical changes, which reduce their activity, productivity, and efficiency as a labor resource. Corporate programs on employee health and the promotion of healthy job longevity should be aimed at providing comprehensive health education, creating a working environment that promotes  health  improvement  by  both  physical and social means, elaborating corporate culture emphasizing the value of health and longevity, as well as enabling systemic conditions for regular medical examinations, stress testing, relaxation, and rehabilitation of employees after a hard workday.

Background. The study investigates PhD student-supervisor relationship as a key element of postgraduate training of scientific workforce. Both sides of academic process should efficiently cooperate in order to successfully complete dissertation, develop research skills and professional competences in  PhD  students. Despite its great importance, in practice the relationship often faces various barriers significantly complicating scientific activity and affecting emotional component.

Objective. To analyze the key factors determining the efficiency of PhD student-supervisor relationship.

Materials and methods. The authors used the results of pilot studies conducted in 2024: “Challenges of relationship between PhD students (individual PhD students) and supervisors” (questionnaire survey, sample of 244 people) and “Neural network in science. For or against” (questionnaire survey, sample of 228 people).

Results. The main barriers in relationship were identified: irregular communication, lack of clear expectations, disagreements in research approaches, overburdened supervisors and lack of research training among PhD students. These factors not only slow down the performance of scientific tasks, but also reduce the likelihood of a successful dissertation defense. Recommendations were given to improve PhD studentsupervisor relationship. Most attention is paid to the need for regular and constructive communication, a clear coordination of expectations and tasks, an individual approach and improvement of digital literacy among the participants of academic process. The authors emphasize that an integrated approach of eliminating barriers and effectively using modern technologies improves the quality of scientific personnel training and strengthens scientific potential.

Introduction. In the context of urbanization, it seems appropriate to improve the infrastructure for information and educational initiatives aimed at promoting a healthy lifestyle among city residents. To implement city policies focused on health preservation, it is necessary to study the prerequisites that contribute to the formation of a healthy lifestyle.

The purpose of the study was to identify the prerequisites for improving the infrastructure of information and educational activities to promote a healthy lifestyle for Moscow residents.

Materials and methods. The research employed a comprehensive design that integrated quantitative and qualitative research methods. The analysis included: 1) media analysis of social media content from 2019 to 2024; 2) the results of the “Moscow is a healthy city” survey conducted by VCIOM in 2018; 3) a pilot questionnaire survey of Muscovites conducted by the author of the article (762 respondents); 4) interview materials collected by the author of the article (6 experts knowledgeable about health preservation in Moscow).

Results. The study showed an increase in the number and diversity of the relevant subjects. It was revealed that the topic of health preservation is covered not only in specialized media but also in mainstream news or those focusing on other topics that are not directly related to health. However, media content presents both a positive description of events related to the health of Moscow residents and a negative one, reflecting the causes of health deterioration. It was revealed that Muscovites receive the necessary information about health preservation only when they have already become patients of Moscow clinics or clients of social services.

Conclusion. Moving forward, Moscow authorities should pay closer attention to targeted preventive educational work with citizens before they face severe health problems and seek help from medical and social organizations.

Background. The article provides the data on the global market volume for implantable medical devices and analyzes the domestic market needs of various branches of medicine. Examples of international and Russian developments of implantable medical devices are given. Promising directions for growing the Russian market are specified.

Material and methods. The authors analyzed the information sources considering the state of the implantable medical device market over the last 10 years.

Conclusion. Implantable medical devices have been used in practical healthcare for several decades. To date, implantable devices, including new applications, have assisted with treating a wide range of diseases: sleep apnea, panic attacks, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, urinary incontinence, gastrointestinal diseases, autoimmune diseases, mental disorders, etc.